{"id":2374,"date":"2023-07-10T20:32:28","date_gmt":"2023-07-10T19:32:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/?p=2374"},"modified":"2023-07-10T20:48:13","modified_gmt":"2023-07-10T19:48:13","slug":"stereotypy-v-masmediach","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/stereotypy-v-masmediach\/","title":{"rendered":"Stereotypy v masm\u00e9di\u00e1ch: Ako m\u00e9di\u00e1 formuj\u00fa n\u00e1\u0161 poh\u013ead na svet"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Masm\u00e9di\u00e1 maj\u00fa obrovsk\u00fa moc pri formovan\u00ed n\u00e1\u0161ho poh\u013eadu na svet. Ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa na\u0161e vn\u00edmanie a ch\u00e1panie glob\u00e1lnych udalost\u00ed a kult\u00far. Jedn\u00fdm z mnoh\u00fdch aspektov, ktor\u00e9 si zasl\u00fa\u017eia pozornos\u0165, je roz\u0161\u00edrenos\u0165 stereotypov v m\u00e9di\u00e1ch. Preto sa v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku budeme zaobera\u0165 vplyvom stereotypov v m\u00e9di\u00e1ch, uva\u017eova\u0165 o ich d\u00f4sledkoch a pok\u00fasime sa n\u00e1js\u0165 sp\u00f4soby rie\u0161enia tohto probl\u00e9mu.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u010co s\u00fa to stereotypy a ak\u00e1 je ich podstata?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Stereotypy s\u00fa pr\u00edli\u0161 zjednodu\u0161en\u00e9 a zov\u0161eobecnen\u00e9 predpoklady o jednotlivcoch alebo skupin\u00e1ch na z\u00e1klade ur\u010dit\u00fdch charakterist\u00edk. Stereotypy zjednodu\u0161uj\u00fa zlo\u017eit\u00e9 identity a udr\u017eiavaj\u00fa neobjekt\u00edvne narat\u00edvy. V m\u00e9di\u00e1ch sa stereotypy \u010dasto udr\u017eiavaj\u00fa prostredn\u00edctvom opakuj\u00facich sa vzorcov zobrazovania. Tieto obrazy m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 zalo\u017een\u00e9 na faktoroch, ako je rasa, pohlavie, etnick\u00fd p\u00f4vod, sexualita, n\u00e1bo\u017eenstvo alebo soci\u00e1lno-ekonomick\u00fd status.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ako stereotypy ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa jednotlivcov alebo cel\u00e9 soci\u00e1lne skupiny?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Stereotypy v m\u00e9di\u00e1ch posil\u0148uj\u00fa existuj\u00face predsudky a nespr\u00e1vne predstavy o jednotlivcoch alebo skupin\u00e1ch \u013eud\u00ed. Obmedzuj\u00fa ich na \u010dasto negat\u00edvne roly a charakteristiky, \u010do vedie k soci\u00e1lnej marginaliz\u00e1cii a diskrimin\u00e1cii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Video BBC REEL &#8222;<strong><em>Ako m\u00e9di\u00e1 formuj\u00fa n\u00e1\u0161 poh\u013ead na svet<\/em><\/strong>&#8220; ukazuje vplyv stereotypov na marginaliz\u00e1ciu \u010dernochov v popkult\u00fare a m\u00e9di\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<div class=\"ast-oembed-container\" style=\"height: 100%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How the media shapes the way we view the world - BBC REEL\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/kVAztNx0rHQ?start=44&#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Vo videu sa hovor\u00ed, \u017ee Britsk\u00fd filmov\u00fd in\u0161tit\u00fat zistil, \u017ee zo 45 000 hereck\u00fdch rol\u00ed vo filmoch v rokoch 2006 a\u017e 2016 iba 0,5% z nich hrali \u013eudia \u010diernej pleti. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee t\u00e1to skupina \u013eud\u00ed je v m\u00e9di\u00e1ch menej reprezentovan\u00e1. A ke\u010f\u017ee na obrazovk\u00e1ch, vo filmoch alebo v telev\u00edznych seri\u00e1loch nevid\u00edme tak\u00fa rozmanitos\u0165 a variabilitu vo v\u00fdskyte tejto soci\u00e1lnej skupiny, m\u00e1me tendenciu zov\u0161eobec\u0148ova\u0165 to, \u010do vid\u00edme. Z v\u00fdskumu tie\u017e vypl\u00fdva, \u017ee 64% britsk\u00fdch krimin\u00e1lnych rol\u00ed stv\u00e1rnili herci \u010diernej pleti a a\u017e 15% filmov uveden\u00fdch v rokoch 2006 a\u017e 2016 s hercami \u010diernej pleti sa zameralo na krimin\u00e1lne pr\u00edbehy. To znemo\u017e\u0148uje medi\u00e1lnym konzumentom vidie\u0165 rozmanitos\u0165 tejto soci\u00e1lnej skupiny, \u010do vedie k jej marginaliz\u00e1cii v ka\u017edodennom \u017eivote.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Stereotypy ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa aj vn\u00edmanie seba sam\u00e9ho. M\u00f4\u017eu formova\u0165 sebavedomie, \u017eivotn\u00e9 a\u0161pir\u00e1cie a dokonca aj vo\u013ebu profesie t\u00fdm, \u017ee \u013eu\u010fom vnucuj\u00fa falo\u0161n\u00e9 o\u010dak\u00e1vania na z\u00e1klade stereotypov o konkr\u00e9tnom povolan\u00ed\/podujat\u00ed\/osobe at\u010f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Stereotypy v m\u00e9di\u00e1ch upev\u0148uj\u00fa nerovnos\u0165. Prispievaj\u00fa k syst\u00e9mov\u00fdm nerovnostiam t\u00fdm, \u017ee posil\u0148uj\u00fa soci\u00e1lne roly a hierarchie a obmedzuj\u00fa mo\u017enosti zlep\u0161enia pre t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed nesp\u013a\u0148aj\u00fa zaveden\u00fd \u0161tandard rol\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ak\u00e9 s\u00fa sp\u00f4soby rie\u0161enia stereotypov v m\u00e9di\u00e1ch?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Rozvoj a podpora vzdel\u00e1vania v oblasti medi\u00e1lnej gramotnosti s\u00fa k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 pre \u013eud\u00ed, aby dok\u00e1zali rozpozna\u0165 stereotypy a bojova\u0165 proti nim. Rozv\u00edjan\u00edm zru\u010dnost\u00ed kritick\u00e9ho myslenia m\u00f4\u017eu \u013eudia rozpozna\u0165 problematick\u00e9 obrazy a vidie\u0165 \u010dasto nepekn\u00e9 v\u00fdznamy skryt\u00e9 v m\u00e9di\u00e1ch, ktor\u00e9 potom ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa ich poh\u013ead na svet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aj samotn\u00e9 m\u00e9di\u00e1 by sa mali usilova\u0165 o zabezpe\u010denie r\u00f4znorod\u00e9ho zast\u00fapenia r\u00f4znych skup\u00edn t\u00fdm, \u017ee bud\u00fa akt\u00edvne vyh\u013ead\u00e1va\u0165 a prezentova\u0165 hlasy nedostato\u010dne reprezentovan\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je nevyhnutn\u00e9 uvedomi\u0165 si silu m\u00e9di\u00ed pri formovan\u00ed vn\u00edmania verejnosti a usilova\u0165 sa o inkluz\u00edvnej\u0161ie a presnej\u0161ie zobrazovanie. Propag\u00e1ciou medi\u00e1lnej gramotnosti a podporou rozmanit\u00e9ho zobrazovania m\u00f4\u017eeme spochybni\u0165 stereotypy a vytvori\u0165 medi\u00e1lny obraz, ktor\u00fd oslavuje bohatstvo a zlo\u017eitos\u0165 \u013eudsk\u00e9ho sveta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-3 is-cropped has-background wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background:linear-gradient(149deg,rgb(117,117,191) 1%,rgb(76,154,232) 46%,rgb(29,76,158) 100%)\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/avatar-2191931_1280-1.webp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"575\" data-id=\"2394\" src=\"https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/avatar-2191931_1280-1-1024x575.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2394\" srcset=\"https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/avatar-2191931_1280-1-1024x575.webp 1024w, https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/avatar-2191931_1280-1-600x337.webp 600w, https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/avatar-2191931_1280-1-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/avatar-2191931_1280-1-768x431.webp 768w, https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/avatar-2191931_1280-1.webp 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/avatar-2191918_1280-1.webp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-id=\"2393\" src=\"https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/avatar-2191918_1280-1-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2393\" srcset=\"https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/avatar-2191918_1280-1-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/avatar-2191918_1280-1-600x338.webp 600w, https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/avatar-2191918_1280-1-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/avatar-2191918_1280-1-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/avatar-2191918_1280-1.webp 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/avatar-2191932_1280-1.webp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" data-id=\"2395\" src=\"https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/avatar-2191932_1280-1.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2395\" srcset=\"https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/avatar-2191932_1280-1.webp 1280w, https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/avatar-2191932_1280-1-600x338.webp 600w, https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/avatar-2191932_1280-1-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/avatar-2191932_1280-1-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/avatar-2191932_1280-1-768x432.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Autor: Anastasiia Tsukur<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zdroje: <a href=\"https:\/\/scholars.org\/contribution\/how-racial-stereotypes-popular-media-affect-people-and-what-hollywood-can-do-become\">scholars.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Foto: pixabay.com<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Video: youtube.com\/@BBCReel<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Masm\u00e9di\u00e1 maj\u00fa obrovsk\u00fa moc pri formovan\u00ed n\u00e1\u0161ho poh\u013eadu na svet. Ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa na\u0161e vn\u00edmanie a ch\u00e1panie glob\u00e1lnych udalost\u00ed a kult\u00far. Jedn\u00fdm z mnoh\u00fdch aspektov, ktor\u00e9 si zasl\u00fa\u017eia pozornos\u0165, je roz\u0161\u00edrenos\u0165 stereotypov v m\u00e9di\u00e1ch. Preto sa v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku budeme zaobera\u0165 vplyvom stereotypov v m\u00e9di\u00e1ch, uva\u017eova\u0165 o ich d\u00f4sledkoch a pok\u00fasime sa n\u00e1js\u0165 sp\u00f4soby rie\u0161enia tohto probl\u00e9mu. &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/stereotypy-v-masmediach\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Stereotypy v masm\u00e9di\u00e1ch: Ako m\u00e9di\u00e1 formuj\u00fa n\u00e1\u0161 poh\u013ead na svet<\/span> \u010c\u00edtajte viac &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":2398,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[19,23,53,55],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2374"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2374"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2374\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2407,"href":"https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2374\/revisions\/2407"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2398"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2374"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2374"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/others.ucimesaweby.sk\/kontakt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2374"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}